Pleidae, including an evaluation of its taxonomic importance. Identification key to the principal families of florida. Selected references for identification of florida heteroptera. Small lake in high water bed of severskij donets river near village cherkasskij bishkin, kharkov region. It is reported to be feeding on tadpoles, nymph of mayflies and other aquatic hemipteran groups and during dry seasons it is known to migrate in search of suitable areas. Although some taxa are primarily aquatic, most hemiptera do not rely heavily on dissolved oxygen in the water, but instead obtain oxygen from the atmosphere. In 2002, this hypothesis was confirmed by marsollier et al. The semiaquatic and aquatic hemiptera of california. The genus eotrechus has terminal claws and the species generally live on vertical rock faces, often around waterfalls. Phylogenetic analysis of the true water bugs insecta. Common true bugs and related insects orders hemiptera. Since prehistoric times eggs of aquatic hemiptera of the family corixidae are harvested from bundles o. Pleidae, the pygmy backswimmers, is a family of aquatic insect s in the order hemiptera infraorder nepomorpha, or true water bugs.
Techniques of waterresources investigations of the united. In contrast, most semiaquatic species of hemiptera have antennae longer than their heads see figure 7. This genus is com1opolitan in distribution and contains more than 120 species all over the world. Veliidae and gerridae, belostomatidae, nepidae, notonectidae and pleidae. A common feature of the order hemiptera is the elongated beak modified mouthparts that projects from the head. A study of the genus micronecta of india, japan, taiwan and adjacent regi. These bugs live in shallow lakes and ponds that support emergent aquatic vegetation, such as cattails. Species treatments and keys are provided for the multiple species of ochterus and nerthra occurring in the region under study, and for. This clade was named as superfamily corixoidea in the classification s. Pleidae are completely harmless to humans as their rostrum is far too small to pierce skin. Belostomatidae is a family of freshwater hemipteran insects known as giant water bugs or colloquially as toebiters, indian toebiters, electriclight bugs, alligator ticks, or alligator fleas in florida.
Species diversity of aquatic hemiptera and coleoptera in japan. A new species of the genus buenoa hemiptera, notonectidae. A new genus and species of pleidae hemiptera from venezuela, with notes on the genera of pleidae. As predatory hunters, pleidae consume the body fluids of small invertebrates. Nepomorpha the nepomorpha are divided into four superfamilies. The nepoidea contains the water scorpions and water stick insects of the family nepidae and the giant water bugs, electric light bugs, and toe biters of the belostomatidae. Small lake in high water bed of severskij donets river near village morozo vka, kharkov region. Among the numerous clades of aquatic insects, the aquatic bugs.
Hygropetric water striders of the genus onychotrechus kirkaldy with description of a related genus insecta. These photos supplement pages 97103 of the guide to aquatic invertebrates of the upper midwest. Two new species of pleidae, heteroplea ornata new species and h. Heteropterans occupy almost any habitat, both terrestrial and aquatic, the primary. Hemiptera heteroptera encompasses the three welldefined suborders of the true bugs which are adapted to an aquatic or littoral habitat. Guide to aquatic heteroptera of singapore and peninsular. Morphology of the 1st gonapophysis in the genus neoplea hemiptera. Species keys for adults are provided along with notes on.
All hemiptera associated with aquatic habitats belong to the suborder heteroptera. Ninetyfive species of aquatic and semiaquatic heteroptera are recorded from the prairie provinces of canada, representing the following families. Diversity of aquatic insects in karamana river, southern. Hebsgaard, department of zoology, systematics of the nepomorpha rieger. A total of 8 families, 25 genera, and 33 species are recorded from the island. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Heteroptera entomology and nematology department university. About 59,000 aquatic hemiptera were collected in wisconsin, most of them in the last 15 years. Family belostomatidae giant water bugs giant water bugs are large, flat, ovalshaped insects that use their raptorial legs and beaklike mouthparts to capture and subdue large prey, including tadpoles and small fish. Cook department of biological sciences, sam houston state university, huntsville, tx 773412116 email.
Taxonomic history the first species of aquatic hemiptera described in japan was appasus japonicus vuillefroy, 1864. The key to all family, genera and species of aquatic hemiptera are. The genus paraplea is the most widespread genus in pleidae with 19 valid species. These include three species of belostomatidae, 48 species of corixidae, one species of naucoridae, four species of nepidae, nine species of notonectidae, and one species of pleidae. Order hemiptera family pleidae the pygmy backswimmers. Legs of aquatic hemiptera are broadly adapted to skating on the water surface in the. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Heteroptera of michigan species list aquatic insects. Family pleidae genus list vcsu macroinvertebrate lab.
Phylogeny and diversification of the true water bugs insecta. New records and description of fiftyfour new species of aquatic beetles in the genus hydraena kugelann rom south america coleoptera. Research article open access longbranch attraction and. Cook, in ecology and classification of north american freshwater invertebrates second edition, 2001. Phylogenetic inference as applied to the study of evolutionary diversification of semi aquatic bugs hemiptera.
Pleidae, the pygmy backswimmers, is a family of aquatic insects in the order hemiptera there. The pleidae hemiptera, heteroptera of thailand, with the. The biology of the semi aquatic hemiptera is treated. The majority of the aquatic hemiptera from these temporary pools and pans are widespread ethiopian species, e. There are about 170 species found in freshwater habitats worldwide, with more than 110 in the neotropics, more than 20 in africa, almost. Diversity and distribution of aquatic insects in aghanashini river of central western ghats of india were studied by balachandranet. The discovery of laboulbeniales on other families of cryptocerata is greatly to be desired. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Ecology and zoogeography of aquatic hemiptera from. In contrast, most semiaquatic species of hemiptera have antennae longer. At first glance they may appear to be small beetles, but closer examination will reveal the three or four segmented, cylindrical beak which identifies it as a hemiptera. Helotrephidae is generally accepted as the sistergroup of pleidae 22,23,25,26, so we reasoned that including the sistergroup of pleidae was the best way to break up the long terminal branch leading. Pleidae are represented by one genus comprising two widespread species.
Only one genus of pigmy backswimmer is found in north dakota, neoplea. There are 37 species in three genera, distributed across most of the world, except the polar regions and remote oceanic islands. Small lake in high water bed of psel river near villages perevoz and sav intcy poltava region. Their life cycle includes three stages egg, nymph which looks like a small adult and adult. Their preferred habitat is vascular aquatic plants in standing water. A new and primitive genus and species of hydrometridae hemiptera, gerromorpha with a cladistic analysis of relationships within. Key to california semiaquatic and aquatic hemiptera based on habitats and habits. Family ochteridae velvety shore bugs in the semiaquatic and aquatic hemiptera of california heteroptera.
Information on the biology of pleidae can be found on page 102. Apart from a few aphids living on the aerial parts of water plants, the hemiptera associated with water belong to two series of heteroptera. A new genus and species of pleidae hemiptera from venezuela. Pdf species diversity of aquatic hemiptera and coleoptera. A total of 17 species 717 specimens belonging to 11 families are listed with notes including 2 new species, paraplea davaoensis miyamoto pleidae and anisops yanoi miyamoto notonectidae.
An example of a pygymy backswimmer habitat is a suburban pond with abundant filamentous algae. The families of other groups are semi aquatic, for example, hebridae, saldidae, and ochteridae. This web site is funded by region viii epa section 319 funds administered by the north dakota department of health. The following are descriptions of two species of fresh water hemiptera, found commonly in the vicinity of sydney, and which appear to be novelties. Anisops sardea, laccotrephes brachialis, mesovelia vittigera and the remainder of the fauna consists of a few endemic. A list of aquatic and semi aquatic hemiptera from pulau tioman is given with notes on their habitats. Pleidae article about pleidae by the free dictionary. Guide to aquatic macroinvertebrates of the upper midwest. The biology and ecology of aquatic and semiaquatic hemiptera. Entomological investigations carried out from 2002 to 2010. Notonectidae with four genera, including 11 species, are well represented. The 1st gonapophysis of species in the genus neoplea esaki and china, 1928, includes a pattern of spurs that aids in depositing eggs into plant tissue. The most recent studies have water bugs hemiptera heteroptera, infraorder nepo increased the taxonomic coverage and refined the set of morphological characters used over previous efforts and also introduced cladistic methods in the study of the correspondence. As opportunity occurs, the author hopes to supplement them with diagnoses of further species inhabiting the fresh water creeks and ponds of new south wales, and, if possible, of those of the.
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